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彩神平台2023-01-31 16:05

中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

  • 彩神平台

    巨额军火订单是美国的“战果”欧洲的“苦果”(观象台)******

      据美国《外交政策》杂志日前报道,美国国防部国防安全局的一份数据报告显示,2022年,由于北约成员国因俄乌局势大量储备武器,美国批准向北约盟友出售的武器数量和价格较2021年几乎翻了一倍,主要军售增加到24项,价值约280亿美元,其中包括对未来北约成员国芬兰出售价值12.4亿美元的武器。

      来自欧洲盟友的军火订单纷至沓来,美国军火商赚得盆满钵满。据外媒报道,美国军工企业的利润在2022年创下纪录,多家企业股价在年底都达到或接近历史最高点。过去12个月,美国大型军工企业诺思罗普·格鲁曼公司、洛克希德·马丁公司和雷神技术公司的股票分别上涨了40%、37%和17%。

      当美国军工复合体“开香槟庆祝”的同时,大西洋对岸的欧洲正吞下难咽的苦果——

      巨额军费开支进一步增加了欧洲各国的财政负担,扰乱其经济复苏进程。为了满足美国和北约定下的国防支出占比达到国内生产总值2%的“硬指标”,许多欧洲国家被迫在通胀高企、财政困难的条件下增加军费,而其中相当一部分将被用来采购美国军火。德国议会已批准国防部花费100亿欧元采购洛克希德·马丁公司制造的F—35战斗机,瑞士、英国、波兰等也已签下购买该型号战斗机的高额订单。2022年以来,美国国务院批准对爱沙尼亚、挪威、芬兰等多个欧洲国家进行军售。“欧盟观察家”网站不无讽刺地指出,原本可以投资于社会服务等领域的巨额资金被用于研发和采购武器。然而,“将欧洲的安全建立在军工企业及其投资者基于利润的梦想之上,只会助长未来的战争并加剧人类的苦难”。

      美国通过北约将陷入安全焦虑的欧洲拉上自己的“战车”,使欧洲战略自主进程受到重大打击。近年来,欧盟主张提高战略自主的呼声一直很高。乌克兰危机以来,美国加强了对欧洲在外交、军事、能源供应等多领域的捆绑,欧洲争取战略自主的行动力大大受限。依靠对欧高额军售,美国一边承诺以北约实现对欧洲集体安全的保护,强化对欧洲的控制;一边极力渲染所谓“竞争对手”威胁,挑唆俄欧矛盾,在欧洲制造分裂与对抗,并进一步遏制俄罗斯。说到底,美国就是要实现自己打压俄罗斯、牵制欧洲、喂饱军工集团的多重私利。英国iNews网站的文章直言,美国已经将乌克兰危机变成了“代理人战争”——一场可以在没有任何美军伤亡的情况下进行的战争,美国趁机巧取豪夺,掏空欧洲。

      美国持续给乌克兰危机火上浇油,使欧洲安全雪上加霜。时至今日,俄乌紧张局势尚未缓解,外溢风险持续显现,欧洲面临着能源危机、粮食短缺、难民增多、经济滞胀等多重挑战,传统安全和非传统安全威胁叠加交织。然而,美国却以“大国战略威胁”“化解地区危机”等为借口,持续扩充武器出口订单,搅动欧洲安全局势。美国军工集团眼中只有利益:“大炮一响、黄金万两”。美国国防工业承包商通用动力公司董事长诺瓦科维奇甚至露骨表态:“2022年是一个非常好的开端,虽然对人类而言,世界已变得越来越危险,但我们已看到需求稳定的良好信号。”

      于欧洲而言,真正的安全来自均衡、有效、可持续的地区安全构架,而非加入美国为一己私利拉起的对抗阵营。能否以清醒的判断和强大的凝聚力重回“战略自主”的轨道,是摆在欧洲面前的一道必答题。(李嘉宝)

      《 人民日报海外版 》( 2023年01月12日 第 06 版)

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